Tens of thousands of
people marched through downtown Tunis on Tuesday in a spirited march
celebrating the beginning the 13th
World Social Forum – the first to be
held in an Arab country. The majority of marchers were from Tunisia and
neighboring nations, but there was substantial representation from
Europe, as well as from across South America, Asia, and Southern Africa.
An enormous annual gathering that bills itself as a “process” rather
than a conference, the WSF brings together by far the largest assembly
of international social movement organizations, aimed towards developing
a more just and egalitarian world.
The WSF was first held in
Brazil in 2001, and is billed as an alternative to the wealth and power
wielded at the World Economic Forum, an elite annual gathering in Davos,
Switzerland. Tuesday marked the official opening of the WSF, but
official sessions start today and continue through March 30 at the El
Manar University Campus. The theme of this year’s Forum is “dignity,”
inspired by the movements collectively known as the Arab Spring,
launched here just over two years ago.
As of last night, the WSF
had reported registration by more than 30,000 participants from nearly
5,000 organizations in 127 countries spanning five continents. Since
that estimate, thousands more have registered on-site. The officially
announced activities include 70 musical performances, 100 films, and
1000 workshops.
Tuesday’s march traveled three miles from
downtown Tunis to Menzah stadium, with chanting in multiple languages
and representation from a wide variety of movements from the Tunisian
Popular Front to Catholic NGOs to ATTAC, a movement challenging global
finance. At Menzah stadium, an opening ceremony began at 7:30pm with
female social movement leaders from Palestine, South Africa, Tunisia,
and the US taking the stage, including Besma Khalfaoui, widow of
Tunisian opposition leader Chokri Belaid, who was assassinated last
month. According to Forum organizers, only women were chosen for the
opening as a response to the rise of conservative religious governments
in the region as well as patriarchal systems around the world. “We
decided this because women are the struggle in the region,” said Hamouda
Soubhi from Morocco, one of the organizing committee members. “They are
struggling for parity, they are struggling for their rights. The new
regimes want the constitutions to be more religious, and we want to take
our stand against this.”
In short speeches – each about 5
minutes in length – the women projected a vision of a global movement
that was inexorably rising, as the audience roared in approval. “We are
trying to hold our government accountable for what it has done and
continues to do around the world,” said one of the speakers, Cindy
Wiesner of Grassroots Global Justice, a US-based coalition of social movement organizations. “Some of the most inspiring
movements and people are gathered here in Tunis. Together, we can change
the course of history.” Among the loudest cheers came when speakers
mentioned left political leaders and movements, including the jailed
Palestinian leaders Marwan Barghouti and Ahmad Sa’adat, as well as
sustained applause for Hugo Chavez and the Occupy movement.
After
the opening speeches, legendary musician Gilberto Gil took the stage.
Known for his politics and musical innovation, Gil was a leader of
Brazil’s tropicália musical movement of the 1960s and more recently
served as Minister of Culture in the administration of President Luiz
Inácio Lula da Silva. As a sea of people from around the world danced
ecstatically, Gil played a set that ranged from his own songs to pieces
by Bob Marley and by John Lennon.
Among the opening sessions this
morning was a press conference led by members of La Via Campesina, an
organization representing more than 200 million poor farmers from 150
local and national organizations in 70 countries in Africa, Asia, Europe
and the Americas. “The false solutions of the government have been
affecting us worse and worse,” said Nandini Jayara, a leader of women
farmers in India. “I feel the WSF is a stage for us to share our
problems and work together for solutions.”
Over the past decade,
the WSF has been credited with a number of important international
collaborations. For example, the global antiwar demonstrations in
February 15, 2003, which have been called the largest protests in
history, came out of a call from European Social Forum participants. In
the US, labor activists who received international attention for a
successful factory take-over in 2008 at Chicago’s Republic Windows and
Doors factory said inspiration came from workers in Brazil and Venezuela
that they met at the World Social Forum.
Among the many
movements seeking to launch new campaigns and coalitions are indigenous
activists who are seeking to educate activists from around the world
about the problems in the climate change solutions, such as the “cap and
trade” strategy put forward by the United Nations and mainstream
environmental organizations. “We have to look at the economic construct
that has been created in this world by rich industrialized countries and
the profiteers that have created this scenario,” said Tom Goldtooth,
director of Indigenous Environmental Network, an international alliance
of native peoples organizing against environmental destruction. “We have
ecological disaster, and that is capitalism’s doing.” Goldtooth’s
organization is also seeking to raise awareness about REDD (Reducing
Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation), a United Nations
program promoted as an environmental protection strategy that Goldtooth
calls “genocidal” because it promotes solutions like carbon trading that
he says will lead to mass deaths of poor people due to environmental
catastrophe brought about by climate change. “We’ve come to a time where
there has to be a transition to something different, Goldtooth added.
“Our communities are saying we need some action now.”
Every year,
some Forum attendees must overcome travel restrictions from various
countries, and the WSF is also plagued by infighting from a sometimes
fractured left. Among the incidents reported this year, Human Rights
Watch reported that Algerian border authorities illegally barred 96
Algerian civil society activists from traveling to Tunisia. Meanwhile,
in Tunis, a group identifying themselves as Tunisian anarchists said
that they were boycotting the Forum, and appeared at the opening march,
parading in the opposite direction of the rest of the crowd.
“For
us the forum is already done. We have succeeded,” declared Hamouda
Soubhi in an interview at the close of the opening ceremony. “Tomorrow
will be problems, as there always are.”
Pictured above: 1) Maria Poblet of Grassroots Global Justice, 2) Crowd at opening ceremony, 3) Besma Khalfaoui, 4) Gilberto Gil.